These stains are usually caused by copper. (NOTE: copper can stain brown on vinyl and fiberglass, and can be very difficult to remove). Copper stains come from copper-based algicides, lawn and garden sprays, ionizers, copper plumbing and heaters, and fill water. Use Pool Stain Treat for removal and prevention, or use a No Dran Acid Wash for clean-up. Follow the Hamilton Index to minimize future staining.

Water in this condition is an indication or excessive metal content (most commonly copper or iron). First use a sequestering agent such as Pool Stain Treat or Metal Treat, then re-balance according to the Hamilton Index.

Yellow wall stains, if they are primarily on the shady side of the pool and can (mostly) be brushed off, are most likely Yellow algae. Adjust your pH to 7.8 - 8.2; then shock with chlorine and Yellow Treat according to the instructions on the bottle.

Algae is a living organism while stains are a function of chemistry. Algae grows in the shady areas of the pool and can be (mostly) brushed off, while stains will be flush with the surface.

Brown stains that are found in all parts of the pool are usually a sign of iron staining. A low pH, even temporarily low, will pull iron into the water. Then chlorine can then force it back out of solution and on to the pool walls. Be sure that your alkalinity is balanced as recommended for your Total Hardness level by the chart in the Hamilton Index. High alkalinity is a major cause of staining in swimming pools and spas. Adjust your pH to 7.8 - 8.2 and minimize any chlorine shocking. Maintain the chlorine level at 2.0 or lower. Use Pool Stain Treat as a preventative for any possible future stains. A No Dran Acid Wash will usually remove iron and copper stains without draining the pool.

Black Algae forms in approximately dime-sized spots on the pool surface and is difficult to brush off - especially in etched or cracked areas of the pool surface. Use Black Treat,then follow No Mor Problems to prevent future outbreaks.

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Usually due to high total hardness/high total alkalinity and/or the pH from tap water, or chlorine type (sodium/calcium hypochlorite). First lower alkalinity according to the Hamilton Index using Easy Acid/No Mor Muriatic Acid, then adjust pH.

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You could be over-treating your pool or spa with too much acid. Follow the Acid Demand test recommendations more closely when adding acid. Or, you could be using a tablet form or chlorine that has a high acid content, which keeps the pH dropping. Make a Base Demand test more frequently, and follow the recommended dosage from that test for the rebalance of your pH. One other possible cause of a continually low pH is that the fill water from the tap has a low pH. Again, follow the Base Demand recommendations.

Green cloudy water is an indication that algae is present in the pool or spa. Since algae grows better in low pH conditions, adjust your pH to 7.8 - 8.2. A chlorine shock combination with an additive such as Yellow treat? or Green Treat?(added according to instructions) is the best way to get the water clear again.